Реферат на тему Specific features of English compounds.

Содержание:

INTRODUCTION.. 3

1.1. The concept of «word-formation»
in English. 4

1.2. Composition as one of the
productive ways of word-formation in English. 9

1.3. Types of compounds in English. 13

CONCLUSION.. 16

REFERENCES. 17

Введение:

INTRODUCTION

Compound
words, according to the general opinion, constitute a significant part of the
vocabulary of the English language, and the method of composition is one of the
most productive in derivational processes, which is facilitated by the use of
word order as a means of expressing lexical and grammatical relations.

The
goal of the library research is to analyze the development and specific
features of English compounds.

Based
on the goal the following tasks were set:

1. To analyze the main features of English word-formation system.

2. To research the composition as one of the productive ways of
word-formation in English.

3. To analyze different types of compounds in English.

Заключение:

CONCLUSION

Word-formation
processes create new lexical units - words that express new concepts or have
new shades of concepts, and not grammatical forms of the same word.

On
the other hand, the study of word-formation is to a certain extent connected
with grammar and, first of all, with morphology, that is, with the studies of
parts of speech. So, the process of word-formation includes concepts that are
characteristic of a particular grammatical class of words, such as: compounding
of nouns, suffixing of adjectives, specific suffixes of nouns or adjectives,
prefixes of verbs, etc.

In
this context, word-formation acts as one of the additional features of a
particular part of speech, and sometimes determines its grammatical category
and form. It is one of the most productive ways of forming new words in modern
English, which is explained by the fact that the English language shows a great
ability to form complex words.

Both
the first and the second part of a compound word can act as a leading element.
Based on this principle, two main types of compounds are distinguished: exocentric
and endocentric.

Фрагмент текста работы:

1.1. The concept
of «word-formation» in English

Word-formation
in linguistics is usually understood as the formation of words that are called
derivatives and compounds, as a rule, on the basis of single-root words
according to patterns and models existing in the language using such formal
means as affixation, compounding, conversion, etc. Based on the formal means,
word-formation is subdivided on word production, word composition and
conversion, abbreviation, etc. The formation of new words using formal means is
also called derivation, and a derivative and complex word as a result of the
derivation process is denoted by the general term «derivative».

The
very concept of word-formation means that a new word arose on the basis of
words and bases that previously existed in the language by changing their morphological
structure.

This could mean one of the following:

· The root changing of a word (for
example, song from to sing).

· Attachment to the root of one or
another word-formation affix. For example, singer
from the root to sing.

· Combining two words or two stems into
one new stem. For example, the word headquarter
came from the combination of head and
quarter.

· Transition of a word to another
grammatical class and the acquisition of a new grammatical design and
morphological characteristics without changing its word-formation form. An
example of this is the word downshifter,
which is a declinable noun derived from the infinitive to shift down, that is, the unconjugated form of the verb.

For many decades heated debates have been going on
around the doctrine of word formation. In particular, the stumbling block is
the place of word-formation in linguistics.

On the one hand, word-formation can be attributed to
lexicology, which studies the vocabulary in its entirety, since word formation
is the most important way of developing and replenishing the vocabulary, while
often affecting other paths and intertwining with them. Indeed, word-formation
processes create new