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Заключение:
Ex.10. Закончите предложения, выбрав правильный вариант(ы) из трёх предложенных.
1) Henry Ford is famous for _____.
a) his charitable activities
b) introducing the new technique of industrial production
c) building luxurious cars to order
2) “Fordismus” entered the European vocabulary as a word meaning _____.
a) Model T Ford
b) assembly line
c) mass production
3) At 16, Ford walked to Detroit and _____.
a) formed the Ford Motor Company
b) worked as a night mechanic
c) apprenticed himself to a mechanic in a repair shop
4) Having introduced the assembly-line technology Ford considerably increased _____
a) the speed of production
b) the price of the cars
c) the number of workers
5) Ford contributed more that $40 million to _____.
a) the development of the first car
b) the Detroit Automobile Company
c) charitable causes
Ex.11. Укажите, какие утверждения соответствуют содержанию текста. Используйте фразы: It is true. It is false. It is partly true. Исправьте неверные высказывания.
1) Ford built his first car in a little shed behind his house. True
2) In 1899, Ford formed the Detroit Automobile Company, which produced cheap cars in large quantities. False
In 1899, Ford helped organize the Detroit Automobile Company, which built cars to order for wealthy clients. Ford wanted to produce automobiles in quantity and at a price within the reach of many.
3) Henry Ford introduced mass production assembly line for car manufacturing. True
4) Ford established a minimum wage of $5 daily, which was less than double the standard pay rate for the industry. Partly true
He established an eight-hour working day, a five-day working week and a minimum wage of $5 daily which was more than double the standard pay rate for the industry.
5) During World War II, Ford headed a party of pacifists to Norway in a successful attempt to end the war. False
During World War I, Ford headed a party of pacifists to Norway in a failed attempt to end the war.
6) Henry Ford II took charge of the Ford Motor Company in 1945. True
7) Greenfield Village constructed by Ford is a living museum representing the process of America’s development. Partly true
He also constructed Greenfield Village as a living museum representing the process of America’s industrialization.
Фрагмент текста работы:
В А Р И А Н Т 3
Ex.1. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление времён групп Indefinite , Continuous и Perfect в действительном и страдательном залогах. Выпишите сказуемые и укажите их видовременные формы.
Model: The company has risen above its early problems, and is now doing well.
Компания справилась со своими проблемами и сейчас процветает.
has risen – Present Perfect Active (to rise)
is doing – Present Continuous Active (to do)
1) In the United States, the first government employment agencies were established in the 19th century, when the economy was expanding rapidly and there were often not enough laborers available.
В Соединенных Штатах первые правительственные агентства по трудоустройству были созданы в 19-м веке, когда экономика быстро росла, и часто не хватало рабочих.
were established – Past Simple Passive (to establish)
was expanding – Past Simple Active (to expand)
2) Japanese Railways Company has banned the passengers to use their mobiles on suburban trains.
A lot of complaints have been received by the company because passengers, speaking on their cellular phones are shouting too loud and disturbing others.
Компания «Японские железные дороги» запретила пассажирам пользоваться мобильными телефонами в пригородных поездах.
Компания получила много жалоб, потому что пассажиры, разговаривая по своим сотовым телефонам, кричат слишком громко и мешают другим.
has banned – Present Perfect Active (to ban)
have been received – Present Perfect Passive (to receive)
are shouting – Present Continuous (to shout)
3) The exchange of goods between twelve member-countries of European Union became much more convenient and rapid after euro had been put in circulation.
Обмен товарами между двенадцатью странами-членами Европейского Союза стал намного более удобным и быстрым после введения евро в обращение.
became – Past Simple Active (to become)
had been put – Past Perfect Passive (to put)
4) In the USA, five major toy-producing companies are competing now in quality and product design, though in general the toy industry is blooming and the share prices are raising steadily.
So, the toys bring joy not only to kids but to grown-up shareholders as well.
В США пять крупных компаний-производителей игрушек конкурируют в настоящее время по качеству и дизайну продукции, хотя в целом индустрия игрушек процветает, а цены на акции неуклонно растут.
Так что игрушки приносят радость не только детям, но и взрослым акционерам.
are competing – Present Continuous Active (to compete)
is blooming – Present Continuous Active (to bloom)
are raising – Present Continuous Active (to raise)
bring – Present Simple Active (to bring)
Ex.2. Перепишите предложения, выбрав соответствующую форму сказуемого , и переведите их.
1) The British Government recently that expenditures for social programs next year.
The British Government has announced recently that expenditures for social programs will be cut next year.
Недавно британское правительство объявило, что в следующем году расходы на социальные программы будут сокращены.
2) All the goods at cost prices in this department store the whole month.
All the goods were being sold at cost prices in this department store the whole month.
Весь товар продавался по себестоимости в этом универмаге целый месяц.
3) The Greek merchant marine is one of the largest in the world, and several families – notably the Onassis, Niarchos, and Livanos – fortunes in shipping.
The Greek merchant marine is one of the largest in the world, and several families – notably the Onassis, Niarchos, and Livanos – have made fortunes in shipping.
Греческий торговый флот является одним из крупнейших в мире, и несколько семей - особенно Онасси, Ниархос и Ливанос - сделали состояние в судоходстве.
4) A French economist and diplomat, Jean Monnet a major role in the recovery and the modernization of the economy of France and Europe, which by World War II.
A French economist and diplomat, Jean Monnet played a major role in the recovery and the modernization of the economy of France and Europe, which had been shattered by World War II.
Французский экономист и дипломат Жан Моннэ сыграл важную роль в восстановлении и модернизации экономики Франции и Европы, которая была разрушена Второй мировой войной.
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